Top Tip 14 - Avoiding oesophageal strictures

Oesophageal strictures are an uncommon but serious disorder in dogs and cats which can be challenging to manage. Fortunately there are simple strategies which can minimise the possibility of a stricture.

An oesophageal stricture is one of the differentials for regurgitation and gagging. Diagnosis is made using both plain and contrast radiography, with endoscopy being the diagnostic tool of choice for evaluating severity.

Simple medical treatment can minimise the possibility of a stricture forming, and with some forethought there may be no need to reach for the x-ray machine or endoscope. Prevention of strictures should be directed towards reducing reflux in vomiting and anaesthetised animals.

Omeprazole and H2 receptor blockers reduce gastric acidity while carafate provides a barrier to gastric acid. Metoclopromide increases lower oesophageal sphincter tone. Consider administering oral omeprazole 4 hours prior to induction of GA.

Balloon dilation of the stricture is the preferred method of treatment, but recurrence is common. Oesophageal perforation is a life-threatening complication.

Back